How do I reference a thesis… in the NLM style?
26/02/2026

You may be including theses within your research. When you do so you need to treat them in the same way as content taken from any other source, by providing both a citation and a reference. In this short blog post we will be showing you how to reference a thesis or dissertation.
What information do you need in the reference?
- Author – surname initials e.g. Thomas L.
- Title of thesis, including type of thesis in square brackets e.g. [PhD thesis].
- Location and name of the awarding institution
- Date of publication, and date cited in square brackets (if accessed online)
- Available from (either a URL or DOI, if accessed online and available)
Below are some examples for you to follow, which demonstrate how to form the reference from the above elements:
A printed thesis or dissertation
Peacock D. Effects of geometry on the compression set of elastomers [PhD thesis]. Cranfield: Cranfield University; 2002.
A ‘published’ thesis or dissertation from a database
DeVault E. Personality traits of military executives and the potential for leadership [DBA dissertation on the Internet]. Minneapolis (MN): Capella University; 2017. Available from: ProQuest Dissertations Publishing.
A dissertation or thesis from a research repository
Owusu EK. Radio study of protostars [MSc by research thesis on the Internet]. Leeds: University of Leeds; 2019 [cited 2023 Mar 3]. Available from: https://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/24854/
For all your referencing questions – please contact Cranfield Libraries.
Please note: Cranfield supports two different referencing styles – APA7 (Author-date) and Numbered (NLM). Please make sure you use the style preferred by your supervisor or lecturer
Feature image from Pixabay. Available at: https://pixabay.com/photos/woman-laptop-desk-workspace-1851464/
Categories & Tags:
Leave a comment on this post:
You might also like…
Keen to develop your study skills?
Alongside the technical skills and academic knowledge that you will gain on your course, as a Cranfield student you have the opportunity to develop a range of other skills that can enhance your learning experience. ...
The V-conomy: powering the sixth wave of global economic growth
The world could be on the verge of a major surge in economic growth and development, driven by the convergence of AI and clean energy technology. Waiting to ride the K-wave The Russian ...
Need help using the Python programming language?
We know some of our students are currently trying to learn Python, so we wanted to make you aware of some great LinkedIn Learning videos that can help. But don't you have to pay for ...
What does it really take to become a Chevening Scholar?
Say “Turkmenistan” to most people and you’ll get a blank look. That was true when I left Ashgabat for the UK to study an MSc in Logistics and Supply Chain Management at Cranfield University ...
Get a head start on referencing and plagiarism
We offer a module on Referencing And Avoiding Plagiarism which you can find on your Canvas dashboard. It explains the role and importance of citing references and how to incorporate the work of other authors ...
How Cranfield shaped my journey as an Aerospace Engineer
If I'm being specific about the moment it clicked, it was reading a paper called "On the Role and Challenges of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) in the Aerospace Industry" by two Boeing engineers, P. ...

Comments are closed.